Over the past 10 years, the population of children under 14 has increased by more than 1. The working age population aged represents roughly The elderly population aged above 60 accounts for roughly Looking at gender, the male population in the region is more than Meanwhile, the female population is more than The ex ratio of the total population is According to data from the latest census released by the Xinjiang government, the percentage of the permanent urban population is roughly The proportion of the population which is urban has increased It shows that Xinjiang has achieved remarkable results in promoting the strategy of people-centered and quality-oriented urbanization.
The number of people who have received senior high school education rose to 13, per , people from 11, per , in , the census data showed. The region's illiteracy rate was 2. The census data also showed that the number of people living in cities and towns in Xinjiang accounted for Compared with the census in , the proportion of the urban population rose by In , the author investigated in the village and found that 8 people died in that year, with an average age of From to , babies were born in the village, and only one infant died.
The physical quality of people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang has been greatly improved, especially the health care level of women and children has been continuously improved. The maternal mortality rate has decreased from The family planning policy was not strictly implemented, resulting in the emergence of a large number of additional population.
Affected by various factors, it was difficult to promote and implement family planning policy in Kashgar, Hotan and other southern Xinjiang areas for a long time, leading to the rapid population growth in those regions.
Some locals there opposed the family planning policy because they insisted on their old childbearing concept and cognition, which hindered the implementation of the policy. These extremists also incited locals to resist the family planning policy, resulting in prevailing early marriage and bigamy, and frequent unplanned births.
In some areas, the family planning policy was not fully implemented with greater importance was given to reward the policy followers than to punish the violators, and to service than to management. Limited number of officials engaged in family planning work has also seriously affected the implementation of the policy.
For example, one official in family planning work had to serve 15, residents on average in Shache County Yarkand of Kashgar, with the furthest couple living km away. In , special statistics on the implementation of the policy was carried out in a county in Kashgar Prefecture.
It was reported that from to , , people were born in the county, of whom Cause Analysis on the Declining Trend of Population Growth in Xinjiang in The birth rate and natural growth rate of Xinjiang population decreased from Compared with , the new-born population in decreased about , The main reasons are as follows.
Family planning policy is strictly practiced. According to the amendment of the Population and Family Planning Ordinance of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang enjoy equal rights in family planning. Specifically, each registered urban couple is permitted to bear two children at most and each registered rural couple permitted to have three children at most.
Any violation of the ordinance is subject to due penalty. Their views on marriage, childbearing and family have changed accordingly. The economic, social and family status of women of all ethnic groups has improved, allowing them more opportunities to obtain secondary and higher education, and take an active part in economic and social life.
The number and proportion of women in employment have significantly increased. In for example, , women joined the workforce in cities and towns across Xinjiang, accounting for Late marriage and childbearing, and sound maternal and child care have penetrated deep into the hearts of local people and become the mainstream social attitude.
The ethnic minority groups in Xinjiang have considerable potential to grow as they have a relatively young population and a large number of women of childbearing age.
To raise the level of educational attainment, Xinjiang will:. The health care system in Xinjiang will also expand and improve. Medical facilities in both urban and rural areas will be upgraded, and the people will enjoy comprehensive lifecycle health services. Public health in Xinjiang will improve in all respects. It will fully implement the National Program for the Development of Women, create an empowering environment for women, promote equality between the sexes, and raise the comprehensive quality of women.
The region will advocate modern and healthy lifestyles, and encourage women to throw off the shackles of religious extremism and to participate in social and economic activities, so that they can realize their full potential and share development fruits with the rest of society. The ethnic groups generally choose to live among each other, while some live in concentrated communities of their own.
Xinjiang is promoting people-oriented urbanization and will realize basic urbanization by A group of emerging cities will grow, and the cities will expand and gather more people.
Different ethnic groups will increase exchanges in all areas, further integrate with each other, and form a more cohesive society with diverse neighborhoods. Driven by market and other factors, voluntary movements of people for schooling, employment, business and tourism will increase between urban and rural areas and both inside and outside the region.
With abundant resources and a favorable geographic location, Xinjiang will attract more investors and migrants to grasp the opportunities presented by further development of core areas on the Silk Road Economic Belt and the implementation of the national strategy to develop western China.
In the future, Xinjiang will enjoy a more stable and harmonious society and a more prosperous economy. It will guarantee fuller employment, ensure equal access to public services, and establish a sound and multitiered social security system, so that all people in the region will lead better lives and have a stronger sense of fulfillment, happiness and security. The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in , provides a clear definition of genocide — acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group.
A country can only be convicted of genocide by a competent international judicial institution with proper jurisdiction, in strict accordance with the requirements and procedures stipulated by the relevant conventions and international law.
The Chinese government protects the rights of the Uygurs and all other ethnic minority groups in Xinjiang in accordance with the law.
This fact stands in sharp contrast to the fabrications by anti-China forces. Their acts effectively deprive the local people in Xinjiang of their rights to work and development and opportunities to move out of poverty and backwardness, with the intent of stirring up trouble in the region. Xinjiang is committed to the people-centered philosophy of development, attaches great importance to employment and social security, and implements proactive policies on employment.
It fully respects the wishes of workers, protects the right to work in accordance with the law, and applies international labor and human rights standards.
It implements labor laws and regulations, safeguards the legitimate rights and interests of workers, and strives to enable people of all ethnic groups to create a happy life and achieve their own development through hard work. From to , the total employed population in Xinjiang grew from The urban employed population grew by an annual average of ,, of which ,, or nearly 32 percent, were in southern Xinjiang.
An average of 2. In its fight against terrorism and extremism, Xinjiang has established vocational education and training centers in accordance with the law. There is no essential difference between these institutions and the deradicalization centers and community correction, transformation and disengagement programs in many other countries.
There is a substantial body of evidence showing that this is an effective approach to preventive counter-terrorism and deradicalization, and it fully complies with the principles of counter-terrorism resolutions such as the UN Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy and the UN Plan of Action to Prevent Violent Extremism. These centers have also strengthened their sense of national identity, citizenship, and the rule of law.
By October , all trainees had completed their studies. Most of them have found stable employment, either by choosing their own jobs, by starting their own businesses, or with the help of the government. Workers of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, including graduates from the vocational education and training centers, always choose their jobs of their own volition.
In line with the principles of equality, free will, and consensus, and in accordance with laws and regulations such as the Labor Law and the Labor Contract Law, they sign labor contracts with employers and receive their salaries. There is no coercion of any kind. China is a country under the rule of law. The Constitution and relevant laws stipulate unequivocally that the state shall respect and protect human rights, and that all citizens have reproductive rights and also the obligation to practice family planning.
China follows the principles of government guidance and individual choice in providing technical services for family planning, and all citizens enjoy the rights to know about and to choose their own contraceptive methods. Xinjiang implements its family planning policy in accordance with the law. Forced birth control and pregnancy tests are strictly prohibited. It is up to individuals to decide whether or not to use contraceptives and how to use them. No organization or individual may interfere with this freedom.
Women are entitled to decide on birth control based on their own physical and family conditions.
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