They must have a thorough understanding of both patent laws and of product or technology composition in order to make a case for their client's patent. While some patent attorneys focus on defending their clients' rights related to existing patents, others specialize in helping their clients establish and receive new patents. Related: 15 Popular Chemistry Degree Jobs. A doctorate degree in chemistry can help you learn how to communicate through both verbal and written channels.
Candidates for Ph. These experiences can help chemistry Ph. Before and while they work in these laboratories, Ph. The safety precautions they learn in this laboratory setting can help them in many other environments too, such as pharmacology labs, factories or warehouses. A doctorate student in chemistry must learn how to evaluate chemical matters, effects and interactions and devise different or optimized solutions.
These critical thinking skills can help Ph. Chemistry Ph. They might collect, analyze, summarize and explain these data findings to others. Most companies today have large amounts of data that they need experts to analyze and interpret in relation to business strategies.
A graduate with a Ph. This frequent collaboration can teach them valuable teamwork skills like cooperation, negotiation and active listening. Knowing how to work as part of a team is a trait that many employers in a range of industries value. These may include lab reports, chemical data and data summarizations.
Many other types of jobs also require employees to update or handle documentation and records with great accuracy, efficiency and organization. In a doctorate chemistry program, students frequently conduct research. The research process can help students learn valuable skills like verifying a source's credibility, paying attention to details and explaining their findings or results to others.
Research abilities can help in many types of careers and fields. Related: Research Skills: Definition and Examples. This can help them learn basic technology skills, such as using spreadsheet or word processing software, that are useful to a variety of professions. A chemistry doctorate student might also gain additional technology abilities through working with laboratory equipment or tech devices.
There isn't enough reliable data available to know how much chemistry Ph. However, there is data available for various careers that chemistry Ph. Remember that individual salaries can vary based on a range of factors, including geographic location and years of experience. Here are the job outlooks and average salaries for several career options for chemistry Ph. The BLS projects this increase in part because of the growth of technology and scientific industries.
As these fields expand, they expect the demand for technical writers capable of explaining complex concepts in simplified language to increase, too. The increase in public interest around issues related to the environment and sustainability may lead to growing demand in both private and government sectors for these types of job positions. A range of manufacturing industries, such as automobile and nanotechnology, require chemical engineers to help them devise safe and efficient products.
This predicted increase is in part because some companies may prefer to hire and regularly their own in-house counsel rather than hiring professionals from an outside legal firm. Here are some steps to help you earn a doctorate degree in chemistry:. Get a bachelor's degree to qualify for Ph. You can earn your bachelor's degree in any subject. However, a degree in chemistry or a related field, like mathematics or physics, may be most helpful in getting into a chemistry Ph.
Think about getting a master's degree in chemistry. While not a requirement for chemistry Ph. Your advisor will have a big impact on your day to day frame of mind, training, productivity, and post-PhD professional opportunities through letter writing in particular. Particularly in the later phases of the application process, talk frankly with a prospective advisor about their advising style. Advisors are people, and they have very different personalities.
An advisor personality attribute that is a plus to one student might be a minus to another student. Feel free to ask about lab culture. Are there regular lab meetings? How do lab members share manuscripts, code, and data? Also ask about the collegiality of the department.
Are there regular talks and socials? How much do people interact across labs? Do faculty conflicts ever negatively impact graduate student experience? This will be your community, and you will rely on them in good times and bad.
PhD research projects differ greatly in how independent or collaborative they are though all projects have elements of both. Some projects are stand-alone research programs, where the student sets most of the parameters and operates very autonomously. Other PhD projects are subparts of much larger highly collaborative projects, where students are frequently working with others to set priorities and the parameters of the project are highly influenced by what else is happening in the lab.
There are distinct benefits to each type of projects. Working independently can give more freedom, for example, while working collaboratively gives the opportunity to be part of something much bigger than anyone could do on their own.
If you have a strong preference for independent vs. Most labs tend to have more PhD projects of one type than the other. The people that evaluate your application will consider a few different things. They look at your past training to make sure you are prepared for their program. They assess your track record e. They try to evaluate how you will work e. They are looking at your interests and current skills to assess fit with the projected work and priorities.
Good fit has multiple components. These include the overlap on methods, systems, and questions that I discuss above. A prospective advisor is usually looking for a student that is interested in particular research areas and will help move the lab toward long term goals. Regardless, you should talk openly with potential advisors about the fit between your interests and overall lab goals.
PhD training programs are looking for students who are mature, curious, hard working, and add positively to group dynamics. Science is collaborative. Doing something else after finishing your undergrad work and before applying to grad school is often looked upon favorably, as it gives you a broader set of expereinces to draw on during your graduate work.
Examples include masters studies, working as a research assistant, logging a few years in industry, non-profit work, or even traveling.
PhD training programs are excited about the experiences and skills you bring to the community. You are not a blank slate. Make it clear what you bring with you. Provide specifics on bench, field, computational, statistical, engineering, illustration, microscopy, and any other skills you have. The details are very helpful. I have had several conversations with prospective students where they casually mention toward the end of a call that they are already trained in some technique that will be highly relevant to their work.
Explain the actual tools you have used and how you have used them. If you have posted code you wrote on GitHub, provide a link to it.
Most applications have an open-format personal statement of some form. In this statement, you should get across both the big picture and little details. Why do you want to go to grad school? What scientific questions are you interested in? What would you bring to the lab in ways of skills, experience? What do you want to get out of grad school? Essays that focus on grand general descriptions of why you love the natural world, at the expense of describing the specifics of your experience and goals, are far less helpful for understanding what type of student you will be.
Scientists spend a large fraction of their time writing. Being able to write well and efficiently is very important to your success as a PhD student. The reviewers will be scrutinizing your application for indications of your strengths as a writer. This includes approaching your personal statement as a writing specimen. Publishing a scientific paper is certainly not a requirement for applying to a PhD program, but it is very helpful to your application for several reasons.
It shows that you can see a project through from begining to end, it provides a concrete example of your scientific writing, and it shows that you have experience with one of the most important aspects of doing science. If there is something about your application that will send up flags e. It will be noticed, so it is better to explain it than to avoid drawing attention to it. Reference letters are most helpful from people who know you well.
It is better to ask a lecturer you TAed for than to ask a National Academy member down the hall that you met only a couple times. Brass tacks are more helpful than vague platitudes to those evaluating your application. When a prospective student applies to a Biology PhD program, they will often hear that support including tuition, stipend, and benefits is guranteed for a given interval of time, e. The university and department often provide a fixed amount of support a year or two to all students.
The faculty advisor is expected to pay for the rest out of external grants, or you as the student will serve as a teaching assistant in more courses to help cover the cost. The details of grad student funding vary widely from school to school. Although these details are often not explained when a student is exploring different programs or deciding whether to accept an offer, it is important to ask about them.
How does this support usually break down? The fact that your funding as a student comes from multiple sources makes it very important to seek external funding you may be eligible for.
This is great for your own professional development, can give you more flexibility in your PhD work, and defer costs that can be put toward other expenses such as your lab or fieldwork.
The deadline is usually in October. Other potential external funding includes the Fulbright Foundation. Careers Launch and grow your career with career services and resources. Communities Find a chemistry community of interest and connect on a local and global level. Discover Chemistry Explore the interesting world of science with articles, videos and more.
Awards Recognizing and celebrating excellence in chemistry and celebrate your achievements. Funding Funding to support the advancement of the chemical sciences through research projects. Programs in Chemistry. Survey of Ph. By Joel Shulman. Figure 1. Size Distribution of Ph. Program size and demographics of students. Table 1. Demographics of Graduate Students by Program Size. Requirements for degree Table 2. Table 2. Requirement in Ph. Graduate Student Progression and Support Table 3.
Table 3. Student Progression and Support in Ph. If so, how long? Six months? Twelve months? Developing Student Skills.
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